France, in January 2024, finally passed its long-discussed immigration law - part of which includes tougher language requirements for foreigners in France.
You can find a full explanation of exactly how the new law works HERE, but it mainly affects three groups; those making their first request for a multi-year residency card, the Carte de séjour pluriannuelle, those making their first request for a 10-year residency card, the Carte de résident, and those applying for French citizenship.
It won’t immediately affect new arrivals, who usually have a short-term one-year card to begin with, although it will affect them later on when/if they want to apply for the multi-year card.
It doesn't affect people who already have a carte de séjour pluriannuelle or a carte de résident - they can renew those cards when the time comes with no language test.
The new levels are;
- Carte de séjour pluriannuelle requires A2, which is the higher level of beginner French.
- The 10-year Carte de résident requires B1, the first intermediate level (up from the previous requirement of A2)
- Citizenship - which used to require B1 level French - now requires B2, the higher intermediate level.
QUIZ: Could you pass France's new language tests?
Start date
The language tests were implemented on January 1st, 2026.
Exemptions
But, as we've said, there are plenty of exceptions to these requirements. Here's a look at some of the main groups that benefit from exemptions;
Retirees
The French government recently clarified to The Local that people aged 65 and over will not be required to demonstrate a minimum language level or pass a civics test when applying for certain types of residency cards.
READ MORE: French government confirms civics and language test exemption for over 65s
However, people would not be applying for these statuses upon arrival in France. Meanwhile, those on the visitor status (popular amongst early retirees) are exempt from the language and civics tests, and could technically keep renewing their 'visitor' card yearly.
When it comes to applying for French citizenship, the exemption for older people was scrapped back in 2020 so now everyone must take the test. There is only one age-related exemption and it is very specific; people who are aged over 70 and who have refugee status and who have lived in France for more than 15 years are exempt.
Find more on the situation for retirees HERE.
Talent passport
We mentioned above that most people start off with a one-year card, but there are some exceptions to this, including people who arrive in France on the Passeport Talent visa (now renamed as the titre de séjour portant la mention talent).
This is a special visa for people who meet certain criteria such as being an international expert in their field, a high-earner or a renowned artist. Among the perks of this type of visa is going directly onto a four-year carte de séjour for the visa holder and family members (including spouse).
There is no language requirement to get the first carte de séjour, and this will not change. Talent passport holders are also one of the groups exempt from the renewal limit that we mentioned earlier - so holders can simply keep renewing every four years for the whole of their stay in France without ever having to take a language test.
If, however, they choose to move on to the 10-year carte de résident, they would have to take the test. Likewise, there is no language exemption for citizenship for talent passport holders.
More on the situation for talent passport holders HERE.
Disabilities
While many people will find the idea of taking an exam daunting, for those with disabilities or special needs, it can be impossible.
In this case, there are two possible paths - language testing centres are required to offer provision for people with disabilities to take the test, for example, extra time for people with a learning disability or dyslexia, large-print or braille exam papers for people with sight loss etc.
You can find more details on the provisions offered and how to request them here - but essentially it involves making contact with a testing centre in advance, specifying your needs and seeing how they can accommodate them.
If the exam centre cannot accommodate your specific needs and it is therefore impossible for you to take the test, you can request a medical exemption. You will need to visit your médecin traitant and have them write you an attestation detailing why it is impossible for you to take the test.
This can then be presented instead of the language certificate for either residency or citizenship applications.
Brits
UK nationals who lived in France prior to 2021 - and are therefore covered by the Brexit Withdrawal Agreement - have a slightly different regime when it comes to the carte de séjour residency card.
Those covered by the Withdrawal Agreement, and their family members, have a special Brexit card known as the WARP or Article 50 TUE. This can be renewed when required without the need for a language test.
Brits who moved to France in 2021 or later are not covered by this provision and will have to take language tests under the same conditions as other non-EU citizens.
When it comes to applying for citizenship, there is no exemption for Britons covered by the Withdrawal Agreement, so they will have to take the language test.
Find more on this specific situation HERE.
Temporary workers, interns and family members
The new law contains a limit on the number of times people can renew short-term residency cards, intended to stop people from circumventing the language requirement by staying on the short-term cards, which have no language requirements. The new law states that one-year cards can only be renewed three times.
However, several groups are exempt from the limit on renewals.
People with the following short-term (carte de séjour temporaire) cards are exempt: visitors, temporary workers, students, interns, and some categories of 'family and private life' (including young foreigners born in France and seriously ill people).
This means that these groups can simply keep on renewing their one-year cards indefinitely without ever taking a language test. It's not a perfect solution - annual renewals are time-consuming and expensive (around €200 each time) but it does give an option to people who are worried about taking the language test.
If you have questions about the new language rules you can head to our Language Test FAQs, or if your query is not covered email us at news@thelocal.fr
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